{
  "schemaVersion": "catalog-shared-check-receipt-v1",
  "subject": {
    "id": "jetstack-cert-manager-v1-20-2-crds-enabled",
    "chart": "jetstack/cert-manager",
    "version": "v1.20.2",
    "base": "crds-enabled",
    "renderPath": "recipes/jetstack/cert-manager/v1.20.2/revisions/crds-enabled/r001/rendered/release-objects.yaml",
    "renderFileSHA256": "sha256:e288b2413bd1919173bee6afcd823be61399f101cfe2cf61f8e0df56740fefe0"
  },
  "catalogReview": {
    "path": "recipes/jetstack/cert-manager/v1.20.2/revisions/crds-enabled/r001/receipts/scan-receipt.yaml",
    "note": "Separate chart-specific Catalog review; not a cub check result."
  },
  "scannerResult": {
    "schema_version": "risk-scan-findings-v1",
    "surface": "cub-scan",
    "finding_count": 20,
    "findings": [
      {
        "id": "CCVE-2025-1741",
        "name": "Webhook timeout value too high blocks cluster upgrades",
        "category": "CONFIG",
        "track": "misconfiguration",
        "detection_method": "native_rule",
        "severity": "warning",
        "confidence": "high",
        "tool": "cert-manager",
        "resource": {
          "kind": "MutatingWebhookConfiguration",
          "name": "cert-manager-webhook",
          "namespace": "default"
        },
        "message": "MutatingWebhookConfiguration webhook timeoutSeconds exceeds 29",
        "remedy_type": "config_fix",
        "remedy_safety": "safe_auto",
        "remediation": {
          "steps": [
            "Reduce webhook timeout to 29 or less",
            "Update via Helm values or direct edit",
            "Retry cluster upgrade after change",
            "Verify webhook still functions correctly"
          ],
          "commands": [
            "kubectl get validatingwebhookconfiguration cert-manager-webhook -o yaml",
            "kubectl patch validatingwebhookconfiguration cert-manager-webhook --type=json -p='[{\"op\":\"replace\",\"path\":\"/webhooks/0/timeoutSeconds\",\"value\":29}]'"
          ]
        },
        "evidence_source": "native",
        "action_type": "mutating",
        "next_step": {
          "action": "apply_fix",
          "description": "Reduce webhook timeout to 29 or less",
          "command": "kubectl get validatingwebhookconfiguration cert-manager-webhook -o yaml",
          "doc_ref": "cub-scan --explain CCVE-2025-1741"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "CCVE-2025-1741",
        "name": "Webhook timeout value too high blocks cluster upgrades",
        "category": "CONFIG",
        "track": "misconfiguration",
        "detection_method": "native_rule",
        "severity": "warning",
        "confidence": "high",
        "tool": "cert-manager",
        "resource": {
          "kind": "ValidatingWebhookConfiguration",
          "name": "cert-manager-webhook",
          "namespace": "default"
        },
        "message": "ValidatingWebhookConfiguration webhook timeoutSeconds exceeds 29",
        "remedy_type": "config_fix",
        "remedy_safety": "safe_auto",
        "remediation": {
          "steps": [
            "Reduce webhook timeout to 29 or less",
            "Update via Helm values or direct edit",
            "Retry cluster upgrade after change",
            "Verify webhook still functions correctly"
          ],
          "commands": [
            "kubectl get validatingwebhookconfiguration cert-manager-webhook -o yaml",
            "kubectl patch validatingwebhookconfiguration cert-manager-webhook --type=json -p='[{\"op\":\"replace\",\"path\":\"/webhooks/0/timeoutSeconds\",\"value\":29}]'"
          ]
        },
        "evidence_source": "native",
        "action_type": "mutating",
        "next_step": {
          "action": "apply_fix",
          "description": "Reduce webhook timeout to 29 or less",
          "command": "kubectl get validatingwebhookconfiguration cert-manager-webhook -o yaml",
          "doc_ref": "cub-scan --explain CCVE-2025-1741"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "CCVE-2025-3728",
        "name": "Deployment containers omit resource limits",
        "category": "CONFIG",
        "track": "misconfiguration",
        "detection_method": "native_rule",
        "severity": "warning",
        "confidence": "high",
        "tool": "kubernetes",
        "resource": {
          "kind": "Deployment",
          "name": "cert-manager",
          "namespace": "cert-manager"
        },
        "message": "Deployment containers omit resource limits",
        "remedy_type": "config_fix",
        "remedy_safety": "safe_auto",
        "remediation": {
          "steps": [
            "Add resources.limits for memory and CPU to each container",
            "Add resources.requests to enable proper scheduling",
            "Consider LimitRange defaults at the namespace level"
          ],
          "commands": [
            "kubectl get deployment <name> -n <namespace> -o yaml | grep -A10 resources",
            "kubectl set resources deployment <name> -n <namespace> --limits=cpu=500m,memory=256Mi --requests=cpu=100m,memory=128Mi"
          ]
        },
        "evidence_source": "native",
        "control_ids": [
          "CTRL-WORKLOAD-0002"
        ],
        "action_type": "mutating",
        "next_step": {
          "action": "apply_fix",
          "description": "Add resources.limits for memory and CPU to each container",
          "command": "kubectl get deployment <name> -n <namespace> -o yaml | grep -A10 resources",
          "doc_ref": "cub-scan --explain CCVE-2025-3728"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "CCVE-2025-3728",
        "name": "Deployment containers omit resource limits",
        "category": "CONFIG",
        "track": "misconfiguration",
        "detection_method": "native_rule",
        "severity": "warning",
        "confidence": "high",
        "tool": "kubernetes",
        "resource": {
          "kind": "Deployment",
          "name": "cert-manager-cainjector",
          "namespace": "cert-manager"
        },
        "message": "Deployment containers omit resource limits",
        "remedy_type": "config_fix",
        "remedy_safety": "safe_auto",
        "remediation": {
          "steps": [
            "Add resources.limits for memory and CPU to each container",
            "Add resources.requests to enable proper scheduling",
            "Consider LimitRange defaults at the namespace level"
          ],
          "commands": [
            "kubectl get deployment <name> -n <namespace> -o yaml | grep -A10 resources",
            "kubectl set resources deployment <name> -n <namespace> --limits=cpu=500m,memory=256Mi --requests=cpu=100m,memory=128Mi"
          ]
        },
        "evidence_source": "native",
        "control_ids": [
          "CTRL-WORKLOAD-0002"
        ],
        "action_type": "mutating",
        "next_step": {
          "action": "apply_fix",
          "description": "Add resources.limits for memory and CPU to each container",
          "command": "kubectl get deployment <name> -n <namespace> -o yaml | grep -A10 resources",
          "doc_ref": "cub-scan --explain CCVE-2025-3728"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "CCVE-2025-3728",
        "name": "Deployment containers omit resource limits",
        "category": "CONFIG",
        "track": "misconfiguration",
        "detection_method": "native_rule",
        "severity": "warning",
        "confidence": "high",
        "tool": "kubernetes",
        "resource": {
          "kind": "Deployment",
          "name": "cert-manager-webhook",
          "namespace": "cert-manager"
        },
        "message": "Deployment containers omit resource limits",
        "remedy_type": "config_fix",
        "remedy_safety": "safe_auto",
        "remediation": {
          "steps": [
            "Add resources.limits for memory and CPU to each container",
            "Add resources.requests to enable proper scheduling",
            "Consider LimitRange defaults at the namespace level"
          ],
          "commands": [
            "kubectl get deployment <name> -n <namespace> -o yaml | grep -A10 resources",
            "kubectl set resources deployment <name> -n <namespace> --limits=cpu=500m,memory=256Mi --requests=cpu=100m,memory=128Mi"
          ]
        },
        "evidence_source": "native",
        "control_ids": [
          "CTRL-WORKLOAD-0002"
        ],
        "action_type": "mutating",
        "next_step": {
          "action": "apply_fix",
          "description": "Add resources.limits for memory and CPU to each container",
          "command": "kubectl get deployment <name> -n <namespace> -o yaml | grep -A10 resources",
          "doc_ref": "cub-scan --explain CCVE-2025-3728"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "CCVE-2025-3732",
        "name": "Deployment containers omit resource requests",
        "category": "CONFIG",
        "track": "misconfiguration",
        "detection_method": "native_rule",
        "severity": "warning",
        "confidence": "high",
        "tool": "kubernetes",
        "resource": {
          "kind": "Deployment",
          "name": "cert-manager",
          "namespace": "cert-manager"
        },
        "message": "Deployment containers omit resource requests; HPA and scheduler decisions will be unreliable",
        "remedy_type": "config_fix",
        "remedy_safety": "safe_auto",
        "remediation": {
          "steps": [
            "Set resources.requests.cpu and resources.requests.memory on every container",
            "Align requests with observed steady-state usage",
            "Ensure requests are set when using HPA"
          ],
          "commands": [
            "kubectl get deployment <name> -n <namespace> -o jsonpath='{.spec.template.spec.containers[*].resources}'"
          ]
        },
        "evidence_source": "native",
        "action_type": "mutating",
        "next_step": {
          "action": "apply_fix",
          "description": "Set resources.requests.cpu and resources.requests.memory on every container",
          "command": "kubectl get deployment <name> -n <namespace> -o jsonpath='{.spec.template.spec.containers[*].resources}'",
          "doc_ref": "cub-scan --explain CCVE-2025-3732"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "CCVE-2025-3732",
        "name": "Deployment containers omit resource requests",
        "category": "CONFIG",
        "track": "misconfiguration",
        "detection_method": "native_rule",
        "severity": "warning",
        "confidence": "high",
        "tool": "kubernetes",
        "resource": {
          "kind": "Deployment",
          "name": "cert-manager-cainjector",
          "namespace": "cert-manager"
        },
        "message": "Deployment containers omit resource requests; HPA and scheduler decisions will be unreliable",
        "remedy_type": "config_fix",
        "remedy_safety": "safe_auto",
        "remediation": {
          "steps": [
            "Set resources.requests.cpu and resources.requests.memory on every container",
            "Align requests with observed steady-state usage",
            "Ensure requests are set when using HPA"
          ],
          "commands": [
            "kubectl get deployment <name> -n <namespace> -o jsonpath='{.spec.template.spec.containers[*].resources}'"
          ]
        },
        "evidence_source": "native",
        "action_type": "mutating",
        "next_step": {
          "action": "apply_fix",
          "description": "Set resources.requests.cpu and resources.requests.memory on every container",
          "command": "kubectl get deployment <name> -n <namespace> -o jsonpath='{.spec.template.spec.containers[*].resources}'",
          "doc_ref": "cub-scan --explain CCVE-2025-3732"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "CCVE-2025-3732",
        "name": "Deployment containers omit resource requests",
        "category": "CONFIG",
        "track": "misconfiguration",
        "detection_method": "native_rule",
        "severity": "warning",
        "confidence": "high",
        "tool": "kubernetes",
        "resource": {
          "kind": "Deployment",
          "name": "cert-manager-webhook",
          "namespace": "cert-manager"
        },
        "message": "Deployment containers omit resource requests; HPA and scheduler decisions will be unreliable",
        "remedy_type": "config_fix",
        "remedy_safety": "safe_auto",
        "remediation": {
          "steps": [
            "Set resources.requests.cpu and resources.requests.memory on every container",
            "Align requests with observed steady-state usage",
            "Ensure requests are set when using HPA"
          ],
          "commands": [
            "kubectl get deployment <name> -n <namespace> -o jsonpath='{.spec.template.spec.containers[*].resources}'"
          ]
        },
        "evidence_source": "native",
        "action_type": "mutating",
        "next_step": {
          "action": "apply_fix",
          "description": "Set resources.requests.cpu and resources.requests.memory on every container",
          "command": "kubectl get deployment <name> -n <namespace> -o jsonpath='{.spec.template.spec.containers[*].resources}'",
          "doc_ref": "cub-scan --explain CCVE-2025-3732"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "CCVE-2025-3740",
        "name": "Deployment explicitly sets replicas to 1",
        "category": "CONFIG",
        "track": "misconfiguration",
        "detection_method": "native_rule",
        "severity": "info",
        "confidence": "high",
        "tool": "kubernetes",
        "resource": {
          "kind": "Deployment",
          "name": "cert-manager",
          "namespace": "cert-manager"
        },
        "message": "Deployment has replicas: 1; no high availability",
        "remedy_type": "config_fix",
        "remedy_safety": "safe_auto",
        "remediation": {
          "steps": [
            "Set replicas to at least 2 for services requiring availability",
            "Use HPA with minReplicas >= 2 for auto-scaling workloads",
            "Single replica is acceptable for batch jobs or development"
          ],
          "commands": [
            "kubectl get deployment <name> -n <namespace> -o jsonpath='{.spec.replicas}'"
          ]
        },
        "evidence_source": "native",
        "action_type": "mutating",
        "next_step": {
          "action": "apply_fix",
          "description": "Set replicas to at least 2 for services requiring availability",
          "command": "kubectl get deployment <name> -n <namespace> -o jsonpath='{.spec.replicas}'",
          "doc_ref": "cub-scan --explain CCVE-2025-3740"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "CCVE-2025-3740",
        "name": "Deployment explicitly sets replicas to 1",
        "category": "CONFIG",
        "track": "misconfiguration",
        "detection_method": "native_rule",
        "severity": "info",
        "confidence": "high",
        "tool": "kubernetes",
        "resource": {
          "kind": "Deployment",
          "name": "cert-manager-cainjector",
          "namespace": "cert-manager"
        },
        "message": "Deployment has replicas: 1; no high availability",
        "remedy_type": "config_fix",
        "remedy_safety": "safe_auto",
        "remediation": {
          "steps": [
            "Set replicas to at least 2 for services requiring availability",
            "Use HPA with minReplicas >= 2 for auto-scaling workloads",
            "Single replica is acceptable for batch jobs or development"
          ],
          "commands": [
            "kubectl get deployment <name> -n <namespace> -o jsonpath='{.spec.replicas}'"
          ]
        },
        "evidence_source": "native",
        "action_type": "mutating",
        "next_step": {
          "action": "apply_fix",
          "description": "Set replicas to at least 2 for services requiring availability",
          "command": "kubectl get deployment <name> -n <namespace> -o jsonpath='{.spec.replicas}'",
          "doc_ref": "cub-scan --explain CCVE-2025-3740"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "CCVE-2025-3740",
        "name": "Deployment explicitly sets replicas to 1",
        "category": "CONFIG",
        "track": "misconfiguration",
        "detection_method": "native_rule",
        "severity": "info",
        "confidence": "high",
        "tool": "kubernetes",
        "resource": {
          "kind": "Deployment",
          "name": "cert-manager-webhook",
          "namespace": "cert-manager"
        },
        "message": "Deployment has replicas: 1; no high availability",
        "remedy_type": "config_fix",
        "remedy_safety": "safe_auto",
        "remediation": {
          "steps": [
            "Set replicas to at least 2 for services requiring availability",
            "Use HPA with minReplicas >= 2 for auto-scaling workloads",
            "Single replica is acceptable for batch jobs or development"
          ],
          "commands": [
            "kubectl get deployment <name> -n <namespace> -o jsonpath='{.spec.replicas}'"
          ]
        },
        "evidence_source": "native",
        "action_type": "mutating",
        "next_step": {
          "action": "apply_fix",
          "description": "Set replicas to at least 2 for services requiring availability",
          "command": "kubectl get deployment <name> -n <namespace> -o jsonpath='{.spec.replicas}'",
          "doc_ref": "cub-scan --explain CCVE-2025-3740"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "CCVE-2025-3746",
        "name": "Deployment does not disable automountServiceAccountToken",
        "category": "SECURITY",
        "track": "misconfiguration",
        "detection_method": "native_rule",
        "severity": "warning",
        "confidence": "high",
        "tool": "kubernetes",
        "resource": {
          "kind": "Deployment",
          "name": "cert-manager",
          "namespace": "cert-manager"
        },
        "message": "Deployment does not set automountServiceAccountToken: false; pods get unnecessary API credentials",
        "remedy_type": "config_fix",
        "remedy_safety": "safe_auto",
        "remediation": {
          "steps": [
            "Set automountServiceAccountToken to false in the pod spec",
            "Only enable it for pods that genuinely need Kubernetes API access",
            "Use dedicated service accounts with minimal RBAC for pods that need API access"
          ],
          "commands": [
            "kubectl get deployment <name> -n <namespace> -o jsonpath='{.spec.template.spec.automountServiceAccountToken}'"
          ]
        },
        "evidence_source": "native",
        "control_ids": [
          "CTRL-RBAC-0002"
        ],
        "action_type": "mutating",
        "next_step": {
          "action": "apply_fix",
          "description": "Set automountServiceAccountToken to false in the pod spec",
          "command": "kubectl get deployment <name> -n <namespace> -o jsonpath='{.spec.template.spec.automountServiceAccountToken}'",
          "doc_ref": "cub-scan --explain CCVE-2025-3746"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "CCVE-2025-3746",
        "name": "Deployment does not disable automountServiceAccountToken",
        "category": "SECURITY",
        "track": "misconfiguration",
        "detection_method": "native_rule",
        "severity": "warning",
        "confidence": "high",
        "tool": "kubernetes",
        "resource": {
          "kind": "Deployment",
          "name": "cert-manager-cainjector",
          "namespace": "cert-manager"
        },
        "message": "Deployment does not set automountServiceAccountToken: false; pods get unnecessary API credentials",
        "remedy_type": "config_fix",
        "remedy_safety": "safe_auto",
        "remediation": {
          "steps": [
            "Set automountServiceAccountToken to false in the pod spec",
            "Only enable it for pods that genuinely need Kubernetes API access",
            "Use dedicated service accounts with minimal RBAC for pods that need API access"
          ],
          "commands": [
            "kubectl get deployment <name> -n <namespace> -o jsonpath='{.spec.template.spec.automountServiceAccountToken}'"
          ]
        },
        "evidence_source": "native",
        "control_ids": [
          "CTRL-RBAC-0002"
        ],
        "action_type": "mutating",
        "next_step": {
          "action": "apply_fix",
          "description": "Set automountServiceAccountToken to false in the pod spec",
          "command": "kubectl get deployment <name> -n <namespace> -o jsonpath='{.spec.template.spec.automountServiceAccountToken}'",
          "doc_ref": "cub-scan --explain CCVE-2025-3746"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "CCVE-2025-3746",
        "name": "Deployment does not disable automountServiceAccountToken",
        "category": "SECURITY",
        "track": "misconfiguration",
        "detection_method": "native_rule",
        "severity": "warning",
        "confidence": "high",
        "tool": "kubernetes",
        "resource": {
          "kind": "Deployment",
          "name": "cert-manager-webhook",
          "namespace": "cert-manager"
        },
        "message": "Deployment does not set automountServiceAccountToken: false; pods get unnecessary API credentials",
        "remedy_type": "config_fix",
        "remedy_safety": "safe_auto",
        "remediation": {
          "steps": [
            "Set automountServiceAccountToken to false in the pod spec",
            "Only enable it for pods that genuinely need Kubernetes API access",
            "Use dedicated service accounts with minimal RBAC for pods that need API access"
          ],
          "commands": [
            "kubectl get deployment <name> -n <namespace> -o jsonpath='{.spec.template.spec.automountServiceAccountToken}'"
          ]
        },
        "evidence_source": "native",
        "control_ids": [
          "CTRL-RBAC-0002"
        ],
        "action_type": "mutating",
        "next_step": {
          "action": "apply_fix",
          "description": "Set automountServiceAccountToken to false in the pod spec",
          "command": "kubectl get deployment <name> -n <namespace> -o jsonpath='{.spec.template.spec.automountServiceAccountToken}'",
          "doc_ref": "cub-scan --explain CCVE-2025-3746"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "CCVE-2025-4078",
        "name": "ClusterRole grants secrets read permissions",
        "category": "SECURITY",
        "track": "misconfiguration",
        "detection_method": "native_rule",
        "severity": "critical",
        "confidence": "high",
        "tool": "kubernetes",
        "resource": {
          "kind": "ClusterRole",
          "name": "cert-manager-cainjector",
          "namespace": "default"
        },
        "message": "ClusterRole grants secrets get/list, enabling credential exfiltration across namespaces",
        "remedy_type": "config_fix",
        "remedy_safety": "safe_auto",
        "remediation": {
          "steps": [
            "Remove secrets get/list permissions from ClusterRoles that do not require credential access",
            "Scope secret access to namespaced Role bindings where possible"
          ],
          "commands": [
            "kubectl get clusterroles -o json | jq '.items[] | select(any(.rules[]?; any(.resources[]?; .==\"secrets\"))) | .metadata.name'"
          ]
        },
        "evidence_source": "native",
        "control_ids": [
          "CTRL-RBAC-0001"
        ],
        "action_type": "mutating",
        "next_step": {
          "action": "apply_fix",
          "description": "Remove secrets get/list permissions from ClusterRoles that do not require credential access",
          "command": "kubectl get clusterroles -o json | jq '.items[] | select(any(.rules[]?; any(.resources[]?; .==\"secrets\"))) | .metadata.name'",
          "doc_ref": "cub-scan --explain CCVE-2025-4078"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "CCVE-2025-4078",
        "name": "ClusterRole grants secrets read permissions",
        "category": "SECURITY",
        "track": "misconfiguration",
        "detection_method": "native_rule",
        "severity": "critical",
        "confidence": "high",
        "tool": "kubernetes",
        "resource": {
          "kind": "ClusterRole",
          "name": "cert-manager-controller-certificates",
          "namespace": "default"
        },
        "message": "ClusterRole grants secrets get/list, enabling credential exfiltration across namespaces",
        "remedy_type": "config_fix",
        "remedy_safety": "safe_auto",
        "remediation": {
          "steps": [
            "Remove secrets get/list permissions from ClusterRoles that do not require credential access",
            "Scope secret access to namespaced Role bindings where possible"
          ],
          "commands": [
            "kubectl get clusterroles -o json | jq '.items[] | select(any(.rules[]?; any(.resources[]?; .==\"secrets\"))) | .metadata.name'"
          ]
        },
        "evidence_source": "native",
        "control_ids": [
          "CTRL-RBAC-0001"
        ],
        "action_type": "mutating",
        "next_step": {
          "action": "apply_fix",
          "description": "Remove secrets get/list permissions from ClusterRoles that do not require credential access",
          "command": "kubectl get clusterroles -o json | jq '.items[] | select(any(.rules[]?; any(.resources[]?; .==\"secrets\"))) | .metadata.name'",
          "doc_ref": "cub-scan --explain CCVE-2025-4078"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "CCVE-2025-4078",
        "name": "ClusterRole grants secrets read permissions",
        "category": "SECURITY",
        "track": "misconfiguration",
        "detection_method": "native_rule",
        "severity": "critical",
        "confidence": "high",
        "tool": "kubernetes",
        "resource": {
          "kind": "ClusterRole",
          "name": "cert-manager-controller-challenges",
          "namespace": "default"
        },
        "message": "ClusterRole grants secrets get/list, enabling credential exfiltration across namespaces",
        "remedy_type": "config_fix",
        "remedy_safety": "safe_auto",
        "remediation": {
          "steps": [
            "Remove secrets get/list permissions from ClusterRoles that do not require credential access",
            "Scope secret access to namespaced Role bindings where possible"
          ],
          "commands": [
            "kubectl get clusterroles -o json | jq '.items[] | select(any(.rules[]?; any(.resources[]?; .==\"secrets\"))) | .metadata.name'"
          ]
        },
        "evidence_source": "native",
        "control_ids": [
          "CTRL-RBAC-0001"
        ],
        "action_type": "mutating",
        "next_step": {
          "action": "apply_fix",
          "description": "Remove secrets get/list permissions from ClusterRoles that do not require credential access",
          "command": "kubectl get clusterroles -o json | jq '.items[] | select(any(.rules[]?; any(.resources[]?; .==\"secrets\"))) | .metadata.name'",
          "doc_ref": "cub-scan --explain CCVE-2025-4078"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "CCVE-2025-4078",
        "name": "ClusterRole grants secrets read permissions",
        "category": "SECURITY",
        "track": "misconfiguration",
        "detection_method": "native_rule",
        "severity": "critical",
        "confidence": "high",
        "tool": "kubernetes",
        "resource": {
          "kind": "ClusterRole",
          "name": "cert-manager-controller-clusterissuers",
          "namespace": "default"
        },
        "message": "ClusterRole grants secrets get/list, enabling credential exfiltration across namespaces",
        "remedy_type": "config_fix",
        "remedy_safety": "safe_auto",
        "remediation": {
          "steps": [
            "Remove secrets get/list permissions from ClusterRoles that do not require credential access",
            "Scope secret access to namespaced Role bindings where possible"
          ],
          "commands": [
            "kubectl get clusterroles -o json | jq '.items[] | select(any(.rules[]?; any(.resources[]?; .==\"secrets\"))) | .metadata.name'"
          ]
        },
        "evidence_source": "native",
        "control_ids": [
          "CTRL-RBAC-0001"
        ],
        "action_type": "mutating",
        "next_step": {
          "action": "apply_fix",
          "description": "Remove secrets get/list permissions from ClusterRoles that do not require credential access",
          "command": "kubectl get clusterroles -o json | jq '.items[] | select(any(.rules[]?; any(.resources[]?; .==\"secrets\"))) | .metadata.name'",
          "doc_ref": "cub-scan --explain CCVE-2025-4078"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "CCVE-2025-4078",
        "name": "ClusterRole grants secrets read permissions",
        "category": "SECURITY",
        "track": "misconfiguration",
        "detection_method": "native_rule",
        "severity": "critical",
        "confidence": "high",
        "tool": "kubernetes",
        "resource": {
          "kind": "ClusterRole",
          "name": "cert-manager-controller-issuers",
          "namespace": "default"
        },
        "message": "ClusterRole grants secrets get/list, enabling credential exfiltration across namespaces",
        "remedy_type": "config_fix",
        "remedy_safety": "safe_auto",
        "remediation": {
          "steps": [
            "Remove secrets get/list permissions from ClusterRoles that do not require credential access",
            "Scope secret access to namespaced Role bindings where possible"
          ],
          "commands": [
            "kubectl get clusterroles -o json | jq '.items[] | select(any(.rules[]?; any(.resources[]?; .==\"secrets\"))) | .metadata.name'"
          ]
        },
        "evidence_source": "native",
        "control_ids": [
          "CTRL-RBAC-0001"
        ],
        "action_type": "mutating",
        "next_step": {
          "action": "apply_fix",
          "description": "Remove secrets get/list permissions from ClusterRoles that do not require credential access",
          "command": "kubectl get clusterroles -o json | jq '.items[] | select(any(.rules[]?; any(.resources[]?; .==\"secrets\"))) | .metadata.name'",
          "doc_ref": "cub-scan --explain CCVE-2025-4078"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "CCVE-2025-4078",
        "name": "ClusterRole grants secrets read permissions",
        "category": "SECURITY",
        "track": "misconfiguration",
        "detection_method": "native_rule",
        "severity": "critical",
        "confidence": "high",
        "tool": "kubernetes",
        "resource": {
          "kind": "ClusterRole",
          "name": "cert-manager-controller-orders",
          "namespace": "default"
        },
        "message": "ClusterRole grants secrets get/list, enabling credential exfiltration across namespaces",
        "remedy_type": "config_fix",
        "remedy_safety": "safe_auto",
        "remediation": {
          "steps": [
            "Remove secrets get/list permissions from ClusterRoles that do not require credential access",
            "Scope secret access to namespaced Role bindings where possible"
          ],
          "commands": [
            "kubectl get clusterroles -o json | jq '.items[] | select(any(.rules[]?; any(.resources[]?; .==\"secrets\"))) | .metadata.name'"
          ]
        },
        "evidence_source": "native",
        "control_ids": [
          "CTRL-RBAC-0001"
        ],
        "action_type": "mutating",
        "next_step": {
          "action": "apply_fix",
          "description": "Remove secrets get/list permissions from ClusterRoles that do not require credential access",
          "command": "kubectl get clusterroles -o json | jq '.items[] | select(any(.rules[]?; any(.resources[]?; .==\"secrets\"))) | .metadata.name'",
          "doc_ref": "cub-scan --explain CCVE-2025-4078"
        }
      }
    ],
    "provenance": {
      "source": "cub-scan",
      "source_version": "v0.7.3",
      "scan_time": "2026-08-24T16:00:37Z",
      "catalog_version": "risk-catalog-v1.json@7ff79a126ad9"
    },
    "pattern_bundle": {
      "schema_version": "bundle-manifest-v1",
      "version": "v0.7.3",
      "source_repo": "confighubai/confighub-scan",
      "manifest_sha256": "0405f6ffe21e567adf5d6a732d181c7f228194920456d046b4338baeb14de1a8",
      "catalog_sha256": "7ff79a126ad99bba2505fec8b2b7711c03f50eb362141128ec1c83e27a5036ba"
    },
    "input": {
      "object_count": 48,
      "object_set_sha256": "sha256:c8ae0512bdca51da1f120f0cd1dab8ce424991ad42d04a7f8b9c7b9e9d4df7dd"
    }
  }
}